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VOC Dutch The Mothers: A Study of the Origins of Sentiments and Institutions is a massive, three-volume anthropological masterpiece published in 1927 by British surgeon, anthropologist, and social novelist Robert Briffault. Released by George Allen & Unwin in London and The Macmillan Company in New York, it stands as one of the definitive academic defenses of matriarchal theory.Core Context and ThemesThe Matriarchal Thesis: Briffault argued that human social groups, culture, and institutions originally developed around mothers and maternal instincts rather than patriarchal dominance. He posited that the earliest human groups were matrilocal and matrilineal, and that patriarchy was a much later economic development tied to private property.The Debate Over Monogamy: The book was a fierce intellectual attack on Edward Westermarck’s prevailing theory that monogamy was the original and natural state of human society. Briffault used a monumental volume of ethnographic and historical data to show that primitive marriage customs were highly diverse and often communal.The "Briffault's Law": This famous sociological dictum originated from this work. It states that “the male associates with the female only on the female’s terms,” arguing that animal and early human social structures are fundamentally maintained by the choices and benefits provided to the females.Myth and Religion: Briffault heavily linked the origins of early religion and mythology to maternal societies and lunar observation. He explored how ancient lunar deities were deeply connected to the tracking of women's reproductive cycles.Historical SignificanceBriffault's work fits perfectly into your ongoing timeline of late-1920s and early-1930s literature re-examining sex, gender, and social structures (alongside Dr. Katharine Bement Davis, Paul Popenoe, and Gerrit S. Miller Jr.). While modern anthropologists view his universal "matriarchal stage" theory as oversimplified, his work remains a landmark reference for its sheer volume of cross-cultural myth and folklore.The extensive original text is split across three thick volumes, though a heavily abridged single-volume edition titled The Mothers: The Matriarchal Theory of Social Origins is also widely circulated. Fully digitized public domain scans of the 1927 edition are preserved for research on the Internet Archive.If you are continuing to trace this specific mid-20th-century debate on matriarchy and social origins, let me know if you would like to look into how Bronislaw Malinowski responded to Briffault's work or explore the concept of "Briffault's Law" in evolutionary biology.